- Conducted innovative research on a vortex stabilizer in a secondary cyclone to explain why it is more effective than other configurations (dust hopper, long cone, long barrel) in mitigating secondary cyclone cone erosion
- Developed a design procedure for vortex stabilizers
- Conducted tests on trickle valves and counter-weighted flapper valves to explain why secondary cyclone efficiencies can be so low
- Found that immersing trickle valves and counter-weighted flapper valves shallowly into the tip of the fluidized bed can prevent excessive gas flow up the secondary cyclone dipleg and prevent catalyst losses
- Developed an effective third-stage separator (TSS) for a member company that led to the successful implementation of the TSS into several commercial plants
- Conducted extensive testing on bypassing to determine why it occurs, what parameters influence it and how it can be mitigated
- Demonstrated how the gas bypassing in the fluidized bed could result in poor performance of primary cyclone dipleg leading to flooding
- PSRI has been a leader in studying and optimizing standpipe operation/standpipe entrance configurations and aeration amount and location
- PSRI has developed correlations to determine the optimum amount of aeration to add to a standpipe
- Developed a bypass line (called a burp tube) for hybrid-angled standpipes to allow gas collecting at an elbow to be bypassed from the elbow into the freeboard of the fluidized bed above it
- PSRI has been one of the first to characterize the radial gas and solids distribution in risers
- Improved the design of the transition between a mixing pot and the riser above it
- Studied different riser exit configurations with respect to erosion, pressure drop and how much attrition is produced at each configuration
- Developed design procedures for gas distributors
- Studied and evaluated several close-coupled cyclone designs